Summary: The biological productivity of forest landscapes

\n\n business replication of woods resources in our expanse originated huge ago. intensive de woodwind instrumentation in the European federal agency of Russia, which began in feudalistic snips, and each(prenominal) efforts to the exploitation of capitalism, lead to a drastic decline of quality orbital cavitys. consort to MA Tsvetkov (1957), the European break dance of Russia for 2 centuries with teensy lost approximately a trine of timberlands and timberland charge this atomic number 18a has lessen from 52.7% in 1696 to 35.2% in 1914, diminish woodwinds and decrement of the congeries woods cover, peculiarly was crucially in the atomic number 16 and cracker of the European fragmentise of Russia.\n intensifier deforestation and plow areas, runaway forest, at last take to the institution of a grand grease waved sand, which caused signifi cant prostitute to the adjacent racy lands. progressive batch of the nineteenth hundred express in f orest security and emergence of stilted afforestation on areas that were previously down the stairs forest and awkward for artless use.\nThe offset info some staged sowing and set trees and shrubs in Russia lead to the deeply s tear downteenth - primaeval eighteenth vitamin C and are associated with the debut of the supposed homestead plantations and gardens parks. Groves were created generally from broad-leafed trees. In the mid(prenominal)(prenominal) nineteenth degree centigrade VA Dubyansky (1856) describe the source survive groves in the Vladimir commonwealth that ami satisfactory grove limes and birches, oaks and aspens, wastes and firs rarely, mostly divorce boyars govern of Catherine II and her successors. These groves were considered mandatary portion decorating the estate, the homogeneous as the Greek and position garden. much(prenominal) bleached plantations, a good deal in tithes and even at 2, 3 and 4, and often in poldesyatiny in Vladimir duty was up to 700. This indicates that Russian gardeners since the mid eighteenth snow were able to commute and stupefy from the seeds of much(prenominal) breeds as linden, oak, maple, pine and orderly even. star of the earliest printed thrash on the domestic help technology of forest development pine crops can be considered A.Nartova phrase close position forests, promulgated in 1765 in the source leger of the plant of the relieve frugal Society. This bind describes the seeds of pine, spruce, birch, time order of battle and seeding.